Inflammatory processes developing in the abdominal cavity can lead to serious, life-threatening conditions. One such condition is peritonitis. If not detected promptly, it can rapidly worsen and requires urgent medical attention. Early diagnosis and proper treatment are key factors that can save the patient’s life.
What is the peritoneum and what is the function of the peritoneal cavity?
The peritoneum is a thin serous membrane that lines the inner surface of the abdominal cavity and covers the internal organs. The peritoneal cavity is the space between the layers of this membrane, allowing the organs to move smoothly against each other.
Main functions of the peritoneum:
- Protecting the internal organs
- Reducing friction within the abdominal cavity
- Providing a local defense mechanism against infections
If this structure becomes damaged or exposed to infection, an inflammatory process may develop.
What is peritonitis and how does it occur?
Peritonitis is the inflammation of the membrane lining the abdominal cavity. This condition usually occurs as a result of a bacterial infection.
The most common causes include:
- Appendicitis
- Perforation of the stomach or intestines
- Gallbladder problems
- Infections spreading within the abdominal cavity
Peritonitis can also develop after surgical procedures or as a result of trauma. For this reason, symptoms such as abdominal pain should never be ignored.
The main symptoms of peritonitis
Since peritonitis progresses rapidly, symptoms can intensify in a short period.
The most commonly observed signs include:
- Severe and persistent abdominal pain
- Tightening of the abdominal muscles
- High fever
- Nausea and vomiting
- Loss of appetite
- Abdominal bloating
- General weakness
These symptoms may indicate the spread of infection and require immediate medical attention.
How is peritonitis diagnosed?
Diagnosis is established based on the patient’s complaints, physical examination, and laboratory test results. During the examination, the doctor assesses signs of tenderness and rigidity in the abdominal area.
Diagnostic methods include:
- Blood tests
- Ultrasound or CT scan
- Assessment of fluid in the abdominal cavity
These examinations help determine the cause and severity of inflammation and play a key role in selecting the appropriate treatment strategy. Peritoneal fluid analysis helps to identify the cause of excess fluid accumulating in the abdominal cavity, as well as determine the composition of the fluid. If you experience severe abdominal pain, high fever, or symptoms that suggest peritonitis, it is important to consult a specialist without delay. At the Saglam Aile Health Center, you can receive diagnostics, examination, and treatment services related to peritonitis under the supervision of a professional doctor. Timely medical care provided here helps to prevent complications.